A PROSPECTIVE STUDY ON THE CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS AND INCIDENCE OF BENIGN VERSUS MALIGNANT TUMOURS IN THYROID SWELLINGS IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE: USG, FNAC AND HPE AS DIAGNOSTIC MEASURES

Authors: Sahil Arora, Santosh U P, Arfan Nasser

DOI: 10.18231/j.ijoas.12456.1903415077

Keywords: Thyroid Swelling, Ultrasonography Neck, Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology Thyroid, Histopathological Examination

Abstract: Introduction: This study was done to access clinical manifestations and severity of thyroid swellings dividing them on basis of benign and malignant, so that a broad overview can be made regarding incidence of benign and malignant thyroid swellings and to corelate findings of pre operative Ultrasonography (USG) neck, Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) and post operative Histopathological Examination (HPE) AIM: To study clinical manifestations of Thyroid swellings To study incidence of benign and malignant tumours in thyroid swellings To co-relate findings of USG, FNAC & HPE Methodology: Patients attending ENT OPD with thyroid swelling of either sex in age group 18-75 were considered for study. History and complete physical examination of patients were done and patients in euthyroid state with Ultrasound and FNAC proven thyroid lesion willing to undergo thyroidectomy and participate in the study were included. Patients were evaluated for the clinical manifestations of the thyroid swelling, Incidence of benign and malignant swelling was calculated to know occurrence of malignancy Pre operative USG and FNAC were corelated with Post operative HPE to study accuracy of USG & FNAC compared to HPE Result: Difficulty Swallowing was the most common among clinical features with 6 cases followed by difficulty breathing in supine position in 5 cases, 11 out of 70 cases turned out to be malignant, with Papillary thyroid carcinoma being most common malignancy in 8 cases followed by Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma amongst 3 cases, USG showing 45% sensitivity and 86% specificity to HPE and FNAC showing 64% sensitivity and 93% specificity to HPE. Conclusion: Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma is the most common malignancy in the studied population with HPE being the gold standard of thyroid swelling evaluation.